How to sort and display mixed lists of alphas and numbers as the users expect?

Our application has a CustomerNumber field. We have hundreds of different people using the system (each has their own login and their own list of CustomerNumbers). An individual user might have at most 100,000 customers. Many have less than 100.

Some people only put actual numbers into their customer number fields, while others use a mixture of things. The system allows 20 characters which can be A-Z, 0-9 or a dash, and stores these in a VARCHAR2(20). Anything lowercase is made uppercase before being stored.

Now, let's say we have a simple report that lists all the customers for a particular user, sorted by Customer Number. e.g.

SELECT CustomerNumber,CustomerName
FROM Customer
WHERE User = ?
ORDER BY CustomerNumber;

This is a naive solution as the people that only ever use numbers do not want to see a plain alphabetic sort (where "10" comes before "9").

I do not wish to ask the user any unnecessary questions about their data.

I'm using Oracle, but I think it would be interesting to see some solutions for other databases. Please include which database your answer works on.

What do you think the best way to implement this is?

From stackoverflow

• Probably your best bet is to pre-calculate a separate column and use that for ordering and use the customer number for display. This would probably involve 0-padding any internal integers to a fixed length.

  The other possiblity is to do your sorting post-select on the returned results.

  Jeff Atwood has put together a blog posting about how some people calculate human friendly sort orders.

  dmckee : See also http://stackoverflow.com/questions/34518/natural-sorting-algorithm, and other things tagged "natural-sort" for discussion and implementations...

• In Oracle 10g:

  SELECT  cust_name
  FROM    t_customer c 
  ORDER BY
      REGEXP_REPLACE(cust_name, '[0-9]', ''), TO_NUMBER(REGEXP_SUBSTR(cust_name, '[0-9]+'))
  

  This will sort by the first occurence of number, not regarding it's position, i. e.:

  1. customer1 < customer2 < customer10
  2. cust1omer ? customer1
  3. cust8omer1 ? cust8omer2

  , where a ? means that the order is undefined.

  That suffices for most cases.

  To force sort order on case 2, you may add a REGEXP_INSTR(cust_name, '[0-9]', n) to ORDER BY list n times, forcing order on the first appearance of n-th (2nd, 3rd etc.) group of digits.

  To force sort order on case 3, you may add a TO_NUMBER(REGEXP_SUBSTR(cust_name, '[0-9]+', n)) to ORDER BY list n times, forcing order of n-th. group of digits.

  In practice, the query I wrote is enough.

  You may create a function based index on these expressions, but you'll need to force it with a hint, and a one-pass SORT ORDER BY will be performed anyway, as the CBO doesn't trust function-base indexes enough to allow an ORDER BY on them.

• You could have a numeric column [CustomerNumberInt] that is only used when the CustomerNumber is purely numeric (NULL otherwise[1]), then

  ORDER BY CustomerNumberInt, CustomerNumber
  

  [1] depending on how your SQL version handles NULLs in ORDER BY you might want to default it to zero (or infinity!)

• I have a similar horrible situation and have developed a suitably horrible function to deal with it (SQLServer)

  In my situation I have a table of "units" (this is a work-tracking system for students, so unit in this context represents a course they're doing). Units have a code, which for the most part is purely numeric, but for various reasons it was made a varchar and they decided to prefix some by up to 5 characters. So they expect 53,123,237,356 to sort normally, but also T53, T123, T237, T356

  UnitCode is a nvarchar(30)

  Here's the body of the function:

  declare @sortkey nvarchar(30)
  
  select @sortkey = 
   case
    when @unitcode like '[^0-9][0-9]%' then left(@unitcode,1) + left('000000000000000000000000000000',30-(len(@unitcode))) + right(@unitcode,len(@unitcode)-1)
    when @unitcode like '[^0-9][^0-9][0-9]%' then left(@unitcode,2) + left('000000000000000000000000000000',30-(len(@unitcode))) + right(@unitcode,len(@unitcode)-2)
    when @unitcode like '[^0-9][^0-9][^0-9][0-9]%' then left(@unitcode,3) + left('000000000000000000000000000000',30-(len(@unitcode))) + right(@unitcode,len(@unitcode)-3)
    when @unitcode like '[^0-9][^0-9][^0-9][^0-9][0-9]%' then left(@unitcode,4) + left('000000000000000000000000000000',30-(len(@unitcode))) + right(@unitcode,len(@unitcode)-4)
    when @unitcode like '[^0-9][^0-9][^0-9][^0-9][^0-9][0-9]%' then left(@unitcode,5) + left('000000000000000000000000000000',30-(len(@unitcode))) + right(@unitcode,len(@unitcode)-5)
    when @unitcode like '%[^0-9]%' then @unitcode
    else left('000000000000000000000000000000',30-len(@unitcode)) + @unitcode
   end 
  
  return @sortkey
  

  I wanted to shoot myself in the face after writing that, however it works and seems not to kill the server when it runs.